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Expression of complement regulating factors in gastric cancer cells

¹ Second Department of Internal Medicine, Yamagata University School of Medicine, 2–2–2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990–9585, Japan
² First Department of Pathology, Yamagata University School of Medicine

Correspondence to:
Professor M Yamakawa, First Department of Pathology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, 2–2–2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990–9585, Japan; e-mail:
myamakaw{at}med.id.yamagata-u.ac.jp

Aims: To investigate the deposition of complement components, C3d and C5b–9, and the expression of complement regulating factors (S protein, membrane cofactor protein (MCP; CD46), protectin (CD59), decay accelerating factor (DAF; CD55), and type 1 complement receptor (CR1; CD35)) in gastric cancers.

Methods: Specimens of gastric cancer were examined by immunohistochemistry and immunoelectron microscopy.

Results: Four complement regulating factors (S protein, MCP, protectin, and DAF) were expressed on gastric cancer cells, in ultrastructurally localised areas on the cell membrane. CR1 was not expressed. The staining intensity of DAF in both differentiated and undifferentiated adenocarcinomas was significantly higher than in histologically normal gastric epithelium. Furthermore, the staining intensity of DAF in gastric cancers showing a diffusely infiltrating growth pattern was higher than in gastric cancers showing an expanding growth pattern.

Conclusions: These data indicate that DAF may play a role in cancer cell infiltration and resistance in tumour cells.

Keywords: gastric cancer; complement regulatory protein; decay accelerating factor (CD55)

Abbreviations: ABC, avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex; CR1, type 1 complement receptor; DAF, decay accelerating factor; MCP, membrane cofactor protein; PBS, phosphate buffered saline

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