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Angiogenesis in epithelian ovarian cancer

¹ Department of Biology, University of Haifa at Oranim, Tivon 36006, Israel
² Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Free and University College Medical School, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK

Correspondence to:
Dr C W Perrett, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Free and University College Medical School, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK;
c.perrett{at}rfc.ucl.ac.uk

ABSTRACT
Angiogenesis, the development of new blood vessels from the existing vasculature, is an essential component of solid tumour growth and metastasis. Several angiogenic factors are expressed by many tumours, suggesting that tumours promote their own vascularisation by activating the host endothelium. This review will discuss various angiogenic stimulators and inhibitors in epithelian ovarian cancer (EOC), including vascular endothelial growth factor and platelet derived endothelial cell growth factor/thymidine phosphorylase. The analysis of tumour vascularisation by microvessel density will also be discussed and the relevance of these markers of angiogenesis in the prognosis of EOC will be assessed.

Keywords: angiogenesis; epithelian ovarian cancer; microvessel density; prognosis

Abbreviations: Ang, angiopoietin; AVD, average vessel density; bFGF, basic fibroblast growth factor; DFS, disease free survival; ELISA, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; EOC, epithelian ovarian cancer; FIGO, International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics; HVD, high vessel density; IP mice, mice bearing intraperitoneal tumours; MVD, microvessel density; OHSS, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome; PD-ECGF, platelet derived endothelial cell growth factor; PlGF, placental growth factor; -SMA, smooth muscle antigen; TGF, transforming growth factor; TP, thymidine phosphorylase; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; VEGFR, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor; VPF, vascular permeability factor; vWF, von Willebrand factor

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